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Juniper Data Center, Professional (JNCIP-DC) Sample Questions (Q50-Q55):

NEW QUESTION # 50
You are implementing VXLAN broadcast domains in your data center environment. Which two statements are correct in this scenario? (Choose two.)

A. Layer 2 frames are encapsulated by the source VTEP.
B. The VNI must match the VLAN tag to ensure that the remote VTEP can decapsulate VXLAN packets.
C. The VNI is a 16-bit value and can range from 0 through 16.777.215.
D. A VXLAN packet does not contain a VLAN ID.

Answer: A,D

Explanation:
* VXLAN Overview:
* VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) is a network virtualization technology that encapsulates Layer
2 Ethernet frames into Layer 3 UDP packets for transmission over an IP network. It allows the creation of Layer 2 overlay networks across a Layer 3 infrastructure.
* Understanding VXLAN Components:
* VTEP (VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint):A VTEP is responsible for encapsulating and decapsulating Ethernet frames into and from VXLAN packets.
* VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier):A 24-bit identifier used to distinguish different VXLAN segments, allowing for up to 16 million unique segments.
* Correct Statements:
* C. Layer 2 frames are encapsulated by the source VTEP:This is correct. In a VXLAN deployment, the source VTEP encapsulates the original Layer 2 Ethernet frame into a VXLAN packet before transmitting it over the IP network to the destination VTEP, which then decapsulates it.
* A. A VXLAN packet does not contain a VLAN ID:This is correct. The VXLAN header does not carry the original VLAN ID; instead, it uses the VNI to identify the network segment. The VLAN ID is local to the switch and does not traverse the VXLAN tunnel.
* Incorrect Statements:
* B. The VNI must match the VLAN tag to ensure that the remote VTEP can decapsulate VXLAN packets:This is incorrect. The VNI is independent of the VLAN tag, and the VLAN ID does not need to match the VNI. The VNI is what the remote VTEP uses to identify the correct VXLAN segment.
* D. The VNI is a 16-bit value and can range from 0 through 16,777,215:This is incorrect because the VNI is a 24-bit value, allowing for a range of 0 to 16,777,215.
Data Center References:
* VXLAN technology is critical for modern data centers as it enables scalability and efficient segmentation without the constraints of traditional VLAN limits.

NEW QUESTION # 51
Why is a designated forwarder required in a multihomed CE-to-PE VXLAN environmentusing EVPN signalling?

A. The designated forwarder is required to prevent flooding of MAC addresses to multihomed hosts.
B. The designated forwarder is required to prevent duplicate packets from being received on multihomed hosts.
C. The designated forwarder is required to prevent packets from looping between the PEs.
D. The designated forwarder is required to prevent a traffic storm from being received on multihomed hosts.

Answer: B

Explanation:
* Understanding Multihomed CE-to-PE VXLAN Environment:
* In a VXLAN environment using EVPN signaling, multiple PEs (Provider Edge devices) can be connected to the same CE (Customer Edge device). This setup is referred to as multihoming, where a CE device has multiple connections to the network to ensure redundancy and load balancing.
* Role of the Designated Forwarder:
* The designated forwarder (DF) is a mechanism used in EVPN to manage the forwarding of broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast (BUM) traffic in a multihomed environment. The DF is selected to ensure that only one of the PEs forwards this type of traffic to the CE, preventing loops and unnecessary duplicate packets.
* Avoiding Duplicate Packets:
* Without a designated forwarder, all PEs connected to a multihomed CE could potentially forward the same packet to the CE, resulting in duplicate packets. This duplication can cause issues with packet processing on the CE, leading to inefficiencies and potential network problems.
Conclusion:
* Option D:Correct-The designated forwarder is essential to prevent duplicate packets from being received on multihomed hosts, ensuring that only one PE forwards BUM traffic to the CE.

NEW QUESTION # 52
You are asked to implement VXLAN group-based policies (GBPs) in your data center. Which two statements are correct in (his scenario? (Choose two.)

A. VXLAN GBP ensures consistent application of security group policies throughout the network.
B. VXLAN GBP ensures consistent application of BGP groups throughout the network.
C. VXLAN GBP uses scalable group tags that may be configured on a RADIUS server and pushed to the switch through 802.1X.
D. VXLAN GBP uses scalable group tags thatmust be configured statically on each switch and activated through 802.1X.

Answer: A,C

Explanation:
* VXLAN Group-Based Policies (GBP):
* VXLAN Group-Based Policies are used to apply security policies consistently across the network. These policies are often tied to user or device identities rather than static IP addresses, which allows for more dynamic and scalable security management.
* Scalable Group Tags via RADIUS and 802.1X:
* Option B:VXLAN GBP can use scalable group tags configured on a RADIUS server, which are then pushed to network devices through 802.1X. This allows for centralized and automated policy application based on user or device identity.
* Consistent Security Policy Application:
* Option C:GBP ensures that security policies are consistently applied across the network, regardless of where a user or device connects. This consistency is crucial in environments where security policies must follow the user or device.
Conclusion:
* Option B:Correct-Group tags can be configured on a RADIUS server and pushed via 802.1X, enabling centralized policy management.
* Option C:Correct-GBP ensures consistent application of security policies, which is essential for maintaining security across a dynamic network environment.

NEW QUESTION # 53
Which three statements are correct about symmetric IRB routing with EVPN Type 2 routes? (Choose three.)

A. Symmetric routing requires an extra transit VNI for each VRF.
B. Symmetric routing requires MAC-VRF.
C. Symmetric routing supports the EVPN service VLAN bundle.
D. Symmetric routing is less efficient than asymmetric routing.
E. An L3 interface (IRB) is required for each local VLAN.

Answer: A,B,E

Explanation:
* Symmetric IRB Routing with EVPN Type 2 Routes:
* Symmetric Routing: In symmetric IRB (Integrated Routing and Bridging), routing occurs in both directions at the ingress and egress leaf nodes using the same routing logic. This is contrasted with asymmetric routing, where different routing logic is used depending on the direction of the traffic.
* Required Components:
* Option A:An L3 IRB interface is necessary for each VLAN that participates in routing, as it handles the Layer 3 processing for the VLAN.
* Option B:MAC-VRF is required for symmetric routing to maintain a mapping of MAC addresses to the appropriate VRF, ensuring correct forwarding within the EVPN.
* Option D:A transit VNI (Virtual Network Identifier) is required for each VRF to encapsulate the Layer 3 traffic as it traverses the network, allowing the IP traffic to be appropriately forwarded.
Conclusion:
* Option A:Correct-Each local VLAN needs an IRB interface for L3 processing.
* Option B:Correct-MAC-VRF is necessary for handling MAC address resolution in symmetric routing.
* Option D:Correct-Transit VNIs are required for routing VRF-specific traffic across the network.
OptionsCandEare incorrect because:
* C:Symmetric routing can work with various VLAN models, including single or multiple VLANs within an EVPN instance.
* E:Symmetric routing is generally more efficient than asymmetric routing as it uses consistent routing logic in both directions.

NEW QUESTION # 54
A local VTEP has two ECMP paths to a remote VTEP
Which two statements are correctwhen load balancing is enabled in this scenario? (Choose two.)

A. The source port in the UDP header is used to load balance VXLAN traffic.
B. The destination port in the UDP header is used to load balance VXLAN traffic.
C. The inner packet fields are used in the hash for load balancing.
D. The inner packet fields are not used in the hash for load balancing.

Answer: A,C

Explanation:
* Load Balancing in VXLAN:
* VXLAN uses UDP encapsulation to transport Layer 2 frames over an IP network. For load balancing across Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) links, various fields in the packet can be used to ensure even distribution of traffic.
* Key Load Balancing Fields:
* C. The source port in the UDP header is used to load balance VXLAN traffic:This is correct.
The source UDP port in the VXLAN packet is typically calculated based on a hash of the inner packet's fields. This makes the source port vary between packets, enabling effective load balancing across multiple paths.
* D. The inner packet fields are used in the hash for load balancing:This is also correct. Fields such as the source and destination IP addresses, source and destination MACaddresses, and possibly even higher-layer protocol information from the inner packet can be used to generate the hash that determines the ECMP path.
* Incorrect Statements:
* A. The inner packet fields are not used in the hash for load balancing:This is incorrect as the inner packet fields are indeed critical for generating the hash used in load balancing.
* B. The destination port in the UDP header is used to load balance VXLAN traffic:This is incorrect because the destination UDP port in VXLAN packets is typically fixed (e.g., port 4789 for VXLAN), and therefore cannot be used for effective load balancing.
Data Center References:
* Effective load balancing in VXLAN is crucial for ensuring high throughput and avoiding congestion on specific links. By using a combination of the source UDP port and inner packet fields, the network can distribute traffic evenly across available paths.

NEW QUESTION # 55
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